Android: LisvView Customizadas com Imagens e Texto

The Sample XML

For this tutorial i am using following sample XML which has some data and a thumbnail image url. You can get this XML by accessing http://api.androidhive.info/music/music.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<music>
    <song>
        <id>1</id>
        <title>Someone Like You</title>
        <artist>Adele</artist>
        <duration>4:47</duration>
        <plays>1662</plays>
        <thumb_url>http://api.androidhive.info/music/images/adele.png</thumb_url>
    </song>
    <song>
        <id>2</id>
        <title>Space Bound</title>
        <artist>Eminem</artist>
        <duration>4:38</duration>
        <plays>1900</plays>
        <thumb_url>http://api.androidhive.info/music/images/eminem.png</thumb_url>
    </song>
       .
       .
       .
       .
</music>
Before going further make sure that you covered Android XML Parsing Tutorial and Android ListView Tutorial before

Creating New Project

1. Create new project in your Eclipse IDE and fill all the details. File ⇒ New Project
2. If you notice the screen shots i designed listview with gradient background. To define gradient style create three new XML files under drawable folder and name them as gradient_bg.xml, list_selector.xml and gradient_bg_hover.xml and fill with following code. Also the thumbnail image has white background, for this i used image_bg.xml
Right Click and drawable-hdpi ⇒ New ⇒ Android XML File
gradient_bg.xml – Default Background Gradient Style
gradient_bg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle">
  <gradient
      android:startColor="#f1f1f2"
      android:centerColor="#e7e7e8"
      android:endColor="#cfcfcf"
      android:angle="270" />
</shape>
gradient_bg_hover.xml – Gradient Style for on hover state
gradient_bg_hover.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle">
  <gradient
      android:startColor="#18d7e5"
      android:centerColor="#16cedb"
      android:endColor="#09adb9"
      android:angle="270" />
</shape>
list_selector.xml – Actual liststyle which combines the above two styles
list_selector.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
     android:state_selected="false"
        android:state_pressed="false"
        android:drawable="@drawable/gradient_bg" />
 
    <item android:state_pressed="true"
        android:drawable="@drawable/gradient_bg_hover" />
 
    <item android:state_selected="true"
     android:state_pressed="false"
        android:drawable="@drawable/gradient_bg_hover" />
</selector>
image_bg.xml – is for white border around the image in listview
image_bg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
    <item>
      <shape
        android:shape="rectangle">
            <stroke android:width="1dp" android:color="#dbdbdc" />
            <solid android:color="#FFFFFF" />
        </shape>
   </item>
</layer-list>
3. Now open your main.xml file and define a listview in it.
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
 
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:divider="#b5b5b5"
        android:dividerHeight="1dp"
        android:listSelector="@drawable/list_selector" />
 
</LinearLayout>
4. Next step is to design single listrow. Create a new XML file under layout folder and name it as list_row.xml.
Right Click ⇒ New ⇒ Android XML File
In this tutorial i custom designed a listview which contains an image on leftside, time and arrow at the right end and a title in middle. I used RelativeLayout as parent node and placed all the remaining items using relative positioning properties. Check the following image
android custom listview
list_row.xml – Single ListRow Layout
list_row.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@drawable/list_selector"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:padding="5dip" >
 
    <!--  ListRow Left sied Thumbnail image -->
    <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/thumbnail"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="3dip"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:background="@drawable/image_bg"
        android:layout_marginRight="5dip">
 
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/list_image"
            android:layout_width="50dip"
            android:layout_height="50dip"
            android:src="@drawable/rihanna"/>
 
    </LinearLayout>
 
    <!-- Title Of Song-->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignTop="@+id/thumbnail"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/thumbnail"
        android:text="Rihanna Love the way lie"
        android:textColor="#040404"
        android:typeface="sans"
        android:textSize="15dip"
        android:textStyle="bold"/>
 
    <!-- Artist Name -->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/artist"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/title"
        android:textColor="#343434"
        android:textSize="10dip"
        android:layout_marginTop="1dip"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/thumbnail"
        android:text="Just gona stand there and ..." />
 
    <!-- Rightend Duration -->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/duration"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignTop="@id/title"
        android:gravity="right"
        android:text="5:45"
        android:layout_marginRight="5dip"
        android:textSize="10dip"
        android:textColor="#10bcc9"
        android:textStyle="bold"/>
 
     <!-- Rightend Arrow -->
     <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@drawable/arrow"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"/>
 
</RelativeLayout>
The above XML will provide you output like below
android listview selected state
5. Until now we completed designing part of the listview. Next step is to parse the xml and update the data into listview. Create a new java class file in your src folder. Right Click on src ⇒ New ⇒ Class and name it as LazyAdapter.java
LazyAdapter.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
 
public class LazyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
 
    private Activity activity;
    private ArrayList&lt;HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;&gt; data;
    private static LayoutInflater inflater=null;
    public ImageLoader imageLoader;
 
    public LazyAdapter(Activity a, ArrayList&lt;HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;&gt; d) {
        activity = a;
        data=d;
        inflater = (LayoutInflater)activity.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        imageLoader=new ImageLoader(activity.getApplicationContext());
    }
 
    public int getCount() {
        return data.size();
    }
 
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return position;
    }
 
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }
 
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        View vi=convertView;
        if(convertView==null)
            vi = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_row, null);
 
        TextView title = (TextView)vi.findViewById(R.id.title); // title
        TextView artist = (TextView)vi.findViewById(R.id.artist); // artist name
        TextView duration = (TextView)vi.findViewById(R.id.duration); // duration
        ImageView thumb_image=(ImageView)vi.findViewById(R.id.list_image); // thumb image
 
        HashMap&lt;String, String&gt; song = new HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;();
        song = data.get(position);
 
        // Setting all values in listview
        title.setText(song.get(CustomizedListView.KEY_TITLE));
        artist.setText(song.get(CustomizedListView.KEY_ARTIST));
        duration.setText(song.get(CustomizedListView.KEY_DURATION));
        imageLoader.DisplayImage(song.get(CustomizedListView.KEY_THUMB_URL), thumb_image);
        return vi;
    }
}
6. Now open your MainActivity class and type the following code. In the following code i am getting xml from url and parsing it. While parsing i am storing all the xml data into HashMap and finally i am passing HashMap to LazyAdapter class.
CustomizedListView.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
 
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
 
public class CustomizedListView extends Activity {
    // All static variables
    static final String URL = "http://api.androidhive.info/music/music.xml";
    // XML node keys
    static final String KEY_SONG = "song"; // parent node
    static final String KEY_ID = "id";
    static final String KEY_TITLE = "title";
    static final String KEY_ARTIST = "artist";
    static final String KEY_DURATION = "duration";
    static final String KEY_THUMB_URL = "thumb_url";
 
    ListView list;
    LazyAdapter adapter;
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
 
        ArrayList&lt;HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;&gt; songsList = new ArrayList&lt;HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;&gt;();
 
        XMLParser parser = new XMLParser();
        String xml = parser.getXmlFromUrl(URL); // getting XML from URL
        Document doc = parser.getDomElement(xml); // getting DOM element
 
        NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName(KEY_SONG);
        // looping through all song nodes &lt;song&gt;
        for (int i = 0; i &lt; nl.getLength(); i++) {
            // creating new HashMap
            HashMap&lt;String, String&gt; map = new HashMap&lt;String, String&gt;();
            Element e = (Element) nl.item(i);
            // adding each child node to HashMap key =&gt; value
            map.put(KEY_ID, parser.getValue(e, KEY_ID));
            map.put(KEY_TITLE, parser.getValue(e, KEY_TITLE));
            map.put(KEY_ARTIST, parser.getValue(e, KEY_ARTIST));
            map.put(KEY_DURATION, parser.getValue(e, KEY_DURATION));
            map.put(KEY_THUMB_URL, parser.getValue(e, KEY_THUMB_URL));
 
            // adding HashList to ArrayList
            songsList.add(map);
        }
 
        list=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.list);
 
        // Getting adapter by passing xml data ArrayList
        adapter=new LazyAdapter(this, songsList);
        list.setAdapter(adapter);
 
        // Click event for single list row
        list.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
 
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView&lt;?&gt; parent, View view,
                    int position, long id) {
 
            }
        });
    }
}

Add Permissions in AndroidManifest.xml

Open your AndroidManifest.xml file add two permissons INTERNET and WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE.
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.androidhive" android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
 
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".CustomizedListView" android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
 
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
</manifest>
Also you need 5 more classes in order to run this project. I am giving the code for each class at the end of the article. After adding all the classes if you run the project it will show output like below
ListView Default State
android customized listview
ListView on Select State
android customized listview hover

Other Classes you needed to run this project

You also need to include following class which deals functionalities like fetching images from WEB, storing them in cache and clearing cache etc., Make sure that you included following files in your project.
XMLParser.java
XMLParser.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
 
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 
import android.util.Log;
 
public class XMLParser {
 
    // constructor
    public XMLParser() {
 
    }
 
    /**
     * Getting XML from URL making HTTP request
     * @param url string
     * */
    public String getXmlFromUrl(String url) {
        String xml = null;
 
        try {
            // defaultHttpClient
            DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
 
            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            xml = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
 
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // return XML
        return xml;
    }
 
    /**
     * Getting XML DOM element
     * @param XML string
     * */
    public Document getDomElement(String xml){
        Document doc = null;
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        try {
 
            DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
 
            InputSource is = new InputSource();
                is.setCharacterStream(new StringReader(xml));
                doc = db.parse(is);
 
            } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
                Log.e("Error: ", e.getMessage());
                return null;
            } catch (SAXException e) {
                Log.e("Error: ", e.getMessage());
                return null;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e("Error: ", e.getMessage());
                return null;
            }
 
            return doc;
    }
 
    /** Getting node value
      * @param elem element
      */
     public final String getElementValue( Node elem ) {
         Node child;
         if( elem != null){
             if (elem.hasChildNodes()){
                 for( child = elem.getFirstChild(); child != null; child = child.getNextSibling() ){
                     if( child.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE  ){
                         return child.getNodeValue();
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
         return "";
     }
 
     /**
      * Getting node value
      * @param Element node
      * @param key string
      * */
     public String getValue(Element item, String str) {
            NodeList n = item.getElementsByTagName(str);
            return this.getElementValue(n.item(0));
        }
}
ImageLoader.java
ImageLoader.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.WeakHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.widget.ImageView;
 
public class ImageLoader {
 
    MemoryCache memoryCache=new MemoryCache();
    FileCache fileCache;
    private Map&lt;ImageView, String&gt; imageViews=Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap&lt;ImageView, String&gt;());
    ExecutorService executorService;
 
    public ImageLoader(Context context){
        fileCache=new FileCache(context);
        executorService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
    }
 
    final int stub_id = R.drawable.no_image;
    public void DisplayImage(String url, ImageView imageView)
    {
        imageViews.put(imageView, url);
        Bitmap bitmap=memoryCache.get(url);
        if(bitmap!=null)
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        else
        {
            queuePhoto(url, imageView);
            imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
        }
    }
 
    private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView)
    {
        PhotoToLoad p=new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
        executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(p));
    }
 
    private Bitmap getBitmap(String url)
    {
        File f=fileCache.getFile(url);
 
        //from SD cache
        Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
        if(b!=null)
            return b;
 
        //from web
        try {
            Bitmap bitmap=null;
            URL imageUrl = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)imageUrl.openConnection();
            conn.setConnectTimeout(30000);
            conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
            conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
            InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();
            OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
            Utils.CopyStream(is, os);
            os.close();
            bitmap = decodeFile(f);
            return bitmap;
        } catch (Exception ex){
           ex.printStackTrace();
           return null;
        }
    }
 
    //decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
    private Bitmap decodeFile(File f){
        try {
            //decode image size
            BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f),null,o);
 
            //Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
            final int REQUIRED_SIZE=70;
            int width_tmp=o.outWidth, height_tmp=o.outHeight;
            int scale=1;
            while(true){
                if(width_tmp/2&lt;REQUIRED_SIZE || height_tmp/2&lt;REQUIRED_SIZE)
                    break;
                width_tmp/=2;
                height_tmp/=2;
                scale*=2;
            }
 
            //decode with inSampleSize
            BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            o2.inSampleSize=scale;
            return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {}
        return null;
    }
 
    //Task for the queue
    private class PhotoToLoad
    {
        public String url;
        public ImageView imageView;
        public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i){
            url=u;
            imageView=i;
        }
    }
 
    class PhotosLoader implements Runnable {
        PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
        PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){
            this.photoToLoad=photoToLoad;
        }
 
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
                return;
            Bitmap bmp=getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
            memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
            if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
                return;
            BitmapDisplayer bd=new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad);
            Activity a=(Activity)photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
            a.runOnUiThread(bd);
        }
    }
 
    boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad){
        String tag=imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView);
        if(tag==null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url))
            return true;
        return false;
    }
 
    //Used to display bitmap in the UI thread
    class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable
    {
        Bitmap bitmap;
        PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
        public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, PhotoToLoad p){bitmap=b;photoToLoad=p;}
        public void run()
        {
            if(imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
                return;
            if(bitmap!=null)
                photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            else
                photoToLoad.imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
        }
    }
 
    public void clearCache() {
        memoryCache.clear();
        fileCache.clear();
    }
 
}
MemoryCache.java
MemoryCache.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
 
public class MemoryCache {
    private Map&lt;String, SoftReference&lt;Bitmap&gt;&gt; cache=Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap&lt;String, SoftReference&lt;Bitmap&gt;&gt;());
 
    public Bitmap get(String id){
        if(!cache.containsKey(id))
            return null;
        SoftReference&lt;Bitmap&gt; ref=cache.get(id);
        return ref.get();
    }
 
    public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap){
        cache.put(id, new SoftReference&lt;Bitmap&gt;(bitmap));
    }
 
    public void clear() {
        cache.clear();
    }
}
Utils.java
Utils.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
 
public class Utils {
    public static void CopyStream(InputStream is, OutputStream os)
    {
        final int buffer_size=1024;
        try
        {
            byte[] bytes=new byte[buffer_size];
            for(;;)
            {
              int count=is.read(bytes, 0, buffer_size);
              if(count==-1)
                  break;
              os.write(bytes, 0, count);
            }
        }
        catch(Exception ex){}
    }
}
FileCache.java
FileCache.java
package com.example.androidhive;
 
import java.io.File;
import android.content.Context;
 
public class FileCache {
 
    private File cacheDir;
 
    public FileCache(Context context){
        //Find the dir to save cached images
        if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
            cacheDir=new File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"LazyList");
        else
            cacheDir=context.getCacheDir();
        if(!cacheDir.exists())
            cacheDir.mkdirs();
    }
 
    public File getFile(String url){
        //I identify images by hashcode. Not a perfect solution, good for the demo.
        String filename=String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
        //Another possible solution (thanks to grantland)
        //String filename = URLEncoder.encode(url);
        File f = new File(cacheDir, filename);
        return f;
 
    }
 
    public void clear(){
        File[] files=cacheDir.listFiles();
        if(files==null)
            return;
        for(File f:files)
            f.delete();
    }
 
}
Fonte: http://www.androidhive.info/2012/02/android-custom-listview-with-image-and-text/

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